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Château Ramezay is a stone manor on Notre-Dame Street in Old Montreal, opposite City Hall, built in 1705 as the residence of the governor of Montreal, Claude de Ramezay. It was the first building in Quebec to be classified as a historic monument and now houses a museum of Montreal's history, with the reconstructed Governor's Garden behind it.

The Musée des Hospitalières de l'Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal is a history museum on Pine Avenue, opened in 1992 beside the Hôtel-Dieu hospital that Jeanne Mance founded in 1642. Archives, objects and art trace the Religious Hospitallers of St. Joseph and the history of nursing and medicine; the entrance hall holds a 17th-century staircase from the Hôtel-Dieu of La Flèche, France.

The Biosphère is an environment museum inside the geodesic dome that Buckminster Fuller designed as the United States pavilion for Expo 67, on Saint Helen's Island in Parc Jean-Drapeau. The steel frame is 76 metres across; its acrylic skin burned in 1976. The museum opened in 1995 and presents exhibitions on climate, water and air.

The Montreal Botanical Garden was founded in 1931 by mayor Camillien Houde and botanist Brother Marie-Victorin, opposite the Olympic Stadium. Its 75 hectares hold themed outdoor gardens and a complex of greenhouses, including a Chinese Garden built by artisans from Shanghai and a Japanese Garden from 1988. It is a National Historic Site of Canada.

The Canadian Museum of Nature is Canada's national natural history museum, housed since 1911 in the castle-like Victoria Memorial Museum Building in Ottawa. A glass tower was added in a renovation completed in 2010. Its galleries show fossils and dinosaurs, a blue whale skeleton, Canadian mammals and birds, minerals and an Arctic gallery.

The Canadian War Museum is Canada's national museum of military history, founded in 1942. Its building on LeBreton Flats in Ottawa, designed by Raymond Moriyama, opened in 2005. Galleries trace conflicts from early Indigenous warfare to Afghanistan with tanks, artillery, uniforms and art, and Memorial Hall holds the headstone of the Unknown Soldier of the First World War.

The National War Memorial, titled The Response, is a tall granite arch with bronze figures by Vernon March in Confederation Square, Ottawa, dedicated by King George VI in 1939. Built for the Canadians who died in the First World War, it was rededicated in 1982 and 2014 to all of Canada's war dead. The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier was placed in front of it in 2000.

Parliament Hill is the seat of the Parliament of Canada: Gothic Revival buildings on a bluff above the Ottawa River, begun in 1859. The Centre Block and its Peace Tower, rebuilt after a 1916 fire, are closed for a rehabilitation lasting into the 2030s. Visitors walk the grounds to the Centennial Flame; the House of Commons sits in the West Block, which offers guided tours.

The ByWard Market is a market and entertainment district in Ottawa's Lower Town, east of Parliament Hill, laid out by Lieutenant-Colonel John By in the 1820s. At its centre the brick market building at 55 ByWard Market Square holds food and craft vendors, and from May to October stalls fill York and George streets. Restaurants, bars and shops line the streets around it.

The Rideau Canal is a 202-kilometre waterway linking Ottawa with Kingston on Lake Ontario, built under Lieutenant-Colonel John By and opened in 1832. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In Ottawa a flight of eight locks climbs from the Ottawa River between Parliament Hill and the Château Laurier, and in winter a stretch of the canal becomes the Rideau Canal Skateway.

The Notre-Dame Cathedral Basilica is the oldest and largest church in Ottawa and the seat of its Roman Catholic archbishop, on Sussex Drive opposite the National Gallery. Begun in 1841, it has twin spires with a gilded statue of the Madonna between them. Inside are carved wooden galleries, a vaulted blue ceiling and stained glass. It is a National Historic Site of Canada.

The National Gallery of Canada is the country's national art museum, founded in 1880. Since 1988 it has occupied a glass and granite building by Moshe Safdie on Sussex Drive in Ottawa, facing Parliament Hill. The collection of more than 93,000 works covers Canadian, Indigenous, European, American and Asian art, and Louise Bourgeois's spider sculpture Maman stands outside.

The Royal Canadian Mint has worked since its founding in 1908 in this castle-like stone building at 320 Sussex Drive in Ottawa, now a National Historic Site. The Ottawa facility makes collector coins, gold and silver bullion and medals, while circulation coins are struck in Winnipeg. Guided 45-minute tours walk past the production floor, and a boutique sells coins.

The Canadian Museum of History is Canada's national museum of human history, in Gatineau, Quebec, across the Ottawa River from Parliament Hill. Its curving building by Douglas Cardinal opened in 1989. The Grand Hall shows Pacific Coast totem poles, the Canadian History Hall traces 15,000 years of history, and the building also houses the Canadian Children's Museum.

Rideau Hall is the official residence and workplace of the Governor General of Canada, at 1 Sussex Drive in Ottawa. Thomas MacKay built the original stone villa in 1838, and it has housed every governor general since Confederation in 1867. Guided tours show the state rooms and their Canadian art, and the 32-hectare grounds have gardens, woods and trees planted by dignitaries.

The Canada Aviation and Space Museum is Canada's national aviation museum, at the former Rockcliffe airfield in Ottawa. Formed in 1964 from three collections, it moved in 1988 into a large triangular hangar. More than 130 aircraft span early flight, bush planes, airliners and military jets, beside the nose section of the Avro Arrow and a Canadarm from the Space Shuttle.

The Toronto Islands are a chain of 15 small islands in Lake Ontario, a short ferry ride from the Jack Layton Ferry Terminal in downtown Toronto. They hold Toronto Island Park with beaches, gardens and a boardwalk, the Centreville amusement park, marinas and a year-round residential community where cars are not used.

The Toronto Zoo covers 287 hectares beside the Rouge River in Scarborough, in Toronto's east end, and opened in 1974. More than 3,000 animals of over 300 species live in seven zoogeographic regions, among them Indo-Malaya, Africa, Tundra Trek and the Canadian Domain, in indoor pavilions and outdoor habitats.

The Distillery District is a pedestrian quarter east of downtown Toronto, built around the former Gooderham and Worts distillery founded in 1832. Its more than 40 Victorian industrial buildings of red brick, a National Historic Site since 1988, now hold shops, galleries, cafés, restaurants and theatres along cobbled lanes.

St. Lawrence Market is Toronto's public market on Front Street East, held on this site since 1803. The South Market building, which incorporates the city hall of 1845, houses butchers, fishmongers, bakers, cheese counters and produce stalls on two levels, and a farmers' market fills the North Market on Saturdays.